Effective Knee Pain Treatment Options

Traumatic and Overuse

Injuries to the knee can result from sudden trauma or repetitive stress, leading to damage to the structures of the joint. Ligament tears (such as ACL or MCL), meniscus tears, fractures, dislocations, and tendon injuries (such as patellar tendinitis) are common sources of knee pain.

Degenerative Conditions

Degenerative conditions, such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, can cause chronic knee pain over time. Osteoarthritis involves the gradual breakdown of cartilage and bone in the knee joint, leading to stiffness, swelling, and limited mobility. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder that causes inflammation and damage to the synovium (joint lining) of the knee.

Structural Issues: Misalignment and Maltracking

Structural issues in the knee joint can contribute to chronic knee pain. Malalignment or maltracking of the kneecap (patella) occurs when the patella does not move smoothly along its groove during knee movements, causing uneven pressure on the joint surfaces. This condition can lead to inflammation, pain, and decreased mobility. Additionally, abnormalities in the alignment of the leg bones or joint surfaces can also contribute to structural issues in the knee, resulting in chronic pain and instability.

A person sitting in a chair touching their knee

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Diagnosis and Treatment Options

Physical Examination: A thorough examination of the knee joint and neighbouring joint to assess range of motion, stability, and signs of inflammation or injury.
Medical History Review: Gathering information about previous injuries, medical conditions, and symptoms to help determine the underlying cause of knee pain.
Imaging Tests: X-rays, MRI, or CT scans may be ordered to visualize the structures of the knee joint and identify any abnormalities, such as fractures, ligament tears, or arthritis.
Physical Therapy: Targeted exercises and stretches prescribed by a physical therapist can help strengthen the muscles surrounding the knee joint, improve flexibility, and restore mobility.
Bracing or Splinting: Orthotic devices, such as knee braces or splints, may be used to provide support and stability to the knee joint, particularly following injury or surgery.
Arthroscopic Surgery: Minimally invasive surgery to repair or remove damaged tissue within the knee joint, such as repairing a torn meniscus or removing loose fragments.

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Seeking Professional Help

When to Consult a Healthcare Professional for Knee Pain

If you're experiencing persistent knee pain or have difficulty performing daily activities due to knee discomfort, it's essential to seek professional help. Here are some signs that indicate the need for medical attention:
Severe Pain: If you're experiencing severe pain that doesn't improve with rest or over-the-counter pain medication, it's crucial to see a healthcare professional.
Swelling or Redness: Persistent swelling or redness around the knee joint may indicate an underlying injury or inflammation that requires medical evaluation.
Limited Mobility: Difficulty bending, straightening, or bearing weight on the affected knee may signal a more serious issue that needs to be addressed by a healthcare provider.
Instability or Weakness: Feeling of instability or weakness in the knee joint, especially during physical activity or weight-bearing tasks, should not be ignored and warrants medical attention.